intshayelelo
Ndiyathandabuza ukuba umntu unokwenza i-desktop laser engraver kit ngeeDVD-ROM ezi-2 ezisetyenzisiweyo (iiCD-ROM kunye neDVD-RW yokhetho) kunye namacandelo amancinci ambalwa. Ngoko ndayenza ngokwam, eyathatha iintsuku ze-5 (kubandakanywa nexesha lokuthenga izinto kunye nolunye ukuhanjiswa okucacileyo), kwaye ekugqibeleni i-DIY ikhithi ye-laser engraver. Ndiziva uphumelele, ngoku ndiza kukufundisa ukusebenzisana.
Kukho amanqaku ahlukeneyo kwi-Intanethi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma ye-optical drives ukuguqula abakroli belaser kunye abasiki be-laser, kodwa amanqaku akhoyo mhlawumbi awacacanga, okanye ixabiso liphezulu kwaye kukho izixhobo ezininzi. Eli nqaku lidibanisa izibonelelo, likhetha esona sisombululo, kwaye lisebenzisa indlela elula nephantsi yokuguqula ireferensi kuphela.
Apha ndiza kubonisa indlela yokwenza elula umatshini wokukrola we-laser usebenzisa i-DVD-ROM echithwe kwi-desktop ye-desktop endala, esebenzisa i-Arduino njengomlawuli oyintloko kunye ne-GRBL isofthiwe yokulawula ukuhamba kweenjini ze-stepper kunye nokusebenza kwemodyuli ye-laser, ingasetyenziselwa ukukrola nokusika imithi, iphepha, isikhumba, i-acrylic kunye neplastiki.
Uluhlu Lwezinto
Zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ziye zaqwalaselwa apha kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kweeglavu, ezinye izixhobo aziyimfuneko. Zisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokwakha, ngoko zidweliswe ngendlela.
Uluhlu lweeNxalenye
| umcimbi | ubuninzi | ongenazi- |
| IBhodi yoLawulo lweArduino | 1 | |
| CNC Shield V3 | 1 | |
| A4988 Drive Modyuli | 2 | I-DRV8255 nayo ingasetyenziswa, i-A4988 yanele, aba baqhubi be-2 bangafakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-CNC Shield V3. |
| IDVD-ROM | 2 | Abanye abantu basebenzise i-DVD-RW ukutshintsha intloko ye-laser, kodwa ifuna ikhono elinamandla lezandla. Akukhuthazwa ukuba abaqalayo bayisebenzise. |
| 250mV 650nm laser | 1 | |
| 12mm IRadiator yeLaser | 1 | |
| MOS Trigger Tshintsha iModyuli yomqhubi | 1 | Guqula isignali ye-PWM ibe yi-laser voltage. |
| 12V Amandla | 1 | Ibhetri yeLithium okanye i-12V yokulinganisa amandla ingasetyenziswa. |
Izixhobo ezifunekayo
1.Multimeter.
2.Soldering Iron.
3.Umpu weGlue.
I-4.I-Mini Grinder yoMbane.
5.650nm I-Laser Goggles (I-Laser inokubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka emehlweni, qiniseka ukuba wonke umntu unxiba iiglasi ze-laser ngaphambi kokuba uvule amandla e-laser, kwaye uqiniseke ukuba iiglasi ziyakwazi ukukhusela ukukhanya. 650nm laser wavelength).
Amanyathelo e-DIY
Inyathelo 1. Qhawula iDVD-Rom
1.1. Konke okudingayo kwi-DVD-Rom drive yi-stepper motor assembly kunye ne-laser diode. Andizange ndibe nethamsanqa lokufumanisa ukuba iDVD-Rom yam yeza necandelo leplastiki elinzima kakhulu ukusebenza nalo. Ngoko ke ndahlula ii-DVD-Rom ezi-3 kwaye ndasebenzisa iindawo ezimbini kuphela. Inkqubo yokuqhaqha inzima kakhulu, kwaye intle kakhulu imeko ye-DVD-Rom drives endakha ndayivula.
1.2. Emva kokususa i-screws ezantsi kwe-drive, ungayiphakamisa njengekhava. Uya kubona iibhodi zesekethe ezi-2 phantsi kwesigqubuthelo esisezantsi, zombini azinamsebenzi kuthi. Kodwa khumbula ukugcina amanye amacandelo aluncedo kwezinye iiprojekthi zobugcisa. Umzekelo kukho imoto encinci ye-DC ifanele ukuhlala phantsi kwebhodi yesekethe yangaphambili.
1.3. Ngoku kufuneka ususe ipaneli yangaphambili kunye netreyi yangaphambili. Iphaneli yangaphambili iyakhululeka xa ukhupha itreyi ngaphandle (sebenzisa nje i-hairpin kunye naloo mngxuma omncinci kwiphaneli yangaphambili).
1.4. Amanyathelo alandelayo aya kufuna ukususa izikrufu kwaye mhlawumbi amandla athile akhohlakeleyo. Susa zombini iibhodi zeesekethe. Zilumkele iintambo ezincanyathiselwe kwii-motor stepper. Le motor kufuneka isuswe.
1.5. Ukuba ubeka iDVD-Rom drive kwicala lasekunene phezulu kwaye ususe isigqubuthelo esingaphezulu, kuya kufuneka uyifumane le nto siyifunayo - i-stepper motor assembly. Khulula isikrufu kwaye usikhuphe nje.
1.6. Ngoku sele siphumile i-stepper motor assembly, lixesha lokucoca. Susa i-spindle motor, inokuba luncedo, kodwa ndiyifumene inzima kakhulu ukuyiqhuba, ndiye ndayiyeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibanjwe kwiindawo ezi-3 ezincinci kakhulu, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ziyingxenye yendibano enkulu, ngoko qaphela ukuba ungaphuli iintonga ezi-2 ezixhasa i-lens xa uzisusa.
1.7. Ngokuphathelele i-lens, sebenzisa nje eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuyisusa, kufuneka sishiye indawo egudileyo, kwaye emva koko sidibanise ezinye iindawo kuyo. Lumka ungonakalisi iDVDR drive's laser diode.
Inyathelo 2. Solder The Stepper Motor Cable
Kwisakhiwo esidityanisiweyo, indawo ye-motor stepper iboniswe kumzobo:
Iimotor ze-stepper ze-optical drives ezahlukeneyo zahlukile, ngoko ke ulandelelwano lomgca alulula ukucacisa, kodwa sinokujonga iintambo ezitsalwe kwiinjini ze-stepper, landela nje ukulandelelana kwe-welding yeentambo. (Ingxaki yocingo ayiqwalaselwa kuqala)
Inyathelo lesi-3. Qhagamshela iSekethe
Uqhagamshelo lwesekethe njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo:
Lungisa i-multimeter kwi-off-off gear, kwaye udibanise izibonda ezilungileyo kunye nezibi ze-multimeter kwii-2 ezikufutshane nezikhonkwane. Isandi se-multimeter sisitishi, oko kukuthi, ikhoyili efanayo. Le motor ye-stepper yinjini ye-4-inqanaba le-2-step step motor kunye neeseti ezi-2 zeekhoyili, kufuneka nje siqiniseke.
Imodyuli yomqhubi we-A4988 stepper motor ekufuneka isetyenziswe kwiprojekthi.
Inkcazo yePin kunye noqwalaselo lwesisombululo sokwahlulwa.
A4988 umzobo wesekethe yesicelo eqhelekileyo.
Iinkcazelo zePin zeCNC Shield V3 enxulumene nemisebenzi.
Inkcazo yePin yeArduino UNO R3. Iimpawu eziluhlaza ziinkcazo zephini zeArduino kunye neenkcazo zephini ezimfusa zeCNC Shield V3.
Ezi zilandelayo ziyi-Arduino UNO R3, i-CNC Shield V3, kunye neemodyuli zokubuyisela eziza kusetyenziswa. Xa ufaka, qhafaza i-CNC Shield V3 kwisokethi ehambelanayo yojongano lweArduino UNO R3.
Faka i-X, i-Y axis stepper motor motion mechanism kunye nemodyuli yelaser kwisibiyeli ebesilungiselelwe ngaphambili.
Inyathelo 4. GRBL Firmware Burning
I-firmware inokutshiswa kunye ne-XLoader, okanye ihlanganiswe kwaye ilayishwe nge-Arduino IDE.
Lo msebenzi usebenzisa i-XLoader ukutshisa, inombolo yenguqulo ye-firmware ye-GRBL ngu-grbl_v0_9j, ezinye iinguqulelo ze-firmware ziyafana, nceda uvavanye wedwa.
Indlela 1: XLoader Burning
1. Lungisa isitshisi seXLoader, grbl_v0_9j.hex firmware.
2. Ibhodi yokulawula ye-Arduino iqhagamshelwe kwi-USB serial port yekhompyutha.
3. Vula i-XLoader burner, khetha grbl_v0_9j.hex , kwaye ucofe ukulayisha ukutshisa.
4. Emva kokuba isoftware icwangciswe ngempumelelo kwaye inikwe amandla kwakhona, olu lwazi lulandelayo luya kukhutshwa kwi-port ye-serial. Qaphela ukuba izinga le-baud kufuneka libekwe kwi-115200.
Indlela yesi-2: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-IDE ye-Arduino
1.Khuphela indawo yokugcina ye-grbl_v1_1h.zip kwi-Github (https://github.com/gnea/grbl).
2.Vula i-Arduino IDE, khetha iProjekthi -> Layisha iLayibrari -> Yongeza i-.ZIP Library, kwaye ukhethe iphakheji ecinezelweyo ekhutshelweyo.
3.Khetha iFayile->Imizekelo->grbl->grblUpload
4.Cofa iqhosha lokulayisha ukuze ulayishe, ifayile yoqwalaselo ikwi-config.h, akukho mfuneko yokuyiguqula apha, sebenzisa nje uqwalaselo olungagqibekanga.
Inyathelo 5. Uvavanyo lweFirmware
Emva kokuba i-firmware ilayishwe ngempumelelo, unokuseta i-firmware kwaye uvule i-GRBL host software yekhompyutha ye-CNCjs (i-CNCjs isetyenziswe apha njenge-software yokuvavanya, enye isofthiwe yokulawula i-GRBL isetyenziswe ngendlela efanayo, injongo kukuthumela i-g-code okanye imiyalelo yokumisela kwi-arduino, unokubhekisela ekusebenziseni ukufunda).
5.1. Connect Arduino.
5.2. Ukuqwalasela i-firmware ye-GRBL.
Ngenisa le miyalelo ilandelayo kwikhonsoli:
$ 100 = 106.666 (x, inyathelo / mm) // Misela isantya se-X-axis.
$ 101 = 106.666 (y, inyathelo / mm) // Misela isantya se-axis ye-Y.
I-$ 130 = 36.000 (x uhambo olukhulu, mm) // Setha uhambo oluphezulu lwe-X-axis.
$ 131 = 36.000 (y max ukuhamba, mm) // Setha uhambo oluphezulu lwe-Y axis.
5.3. Vavanya i-firmware.
Sebenzisa iqhosha lokushukuma kwicandelo le-axis yolungelelwaniso ukujonga ukuba intshukumo istrowukhi ichanekile. Ukuba i-stroke yentshukumo ayilunganga, lungisa izinga lokuhamba kwee-axes ze-X kunye ne-Y.
Sebenzisa [Uvavanyo lweLaser] kunye ne [Laser Off] kwindibano yelaser ukuvavanya ukuba i-laser ingavulwa kwaye icinywe ngempumelelo na (qiniseka ukuba unxibe iglavu phambi kokuba uvule i-laser).
Inyathelo 6. Ulwakhiwo lwesakhelo
Azikho ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo kwimveliso apha, kwaye zonke zakhiwe kusetyenziswa i-casings optical drive elahliweyo, ngoko ke isakhelo somatshini we-laser etching asinzima, kwaye iglue eshushu enyibilikayo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa. Ngethuba nje intshukumo eguquguqukayo ye-X-axis kunye ne-Y-axis ifezekisiwe.
Lungiselela ubungakanani obufanelekileyo be-backing plate (i-case ye-optical drive isetyenziswe apha) kwaye unamathele kwisilayidi esisezantsi, sebenzisa intambo yentambo ukuze ubophe intloko ye-laser ehlanganiswe ne-heat sink ukuya ngakwesobunxele nakwesokudla i-slider ehambayo, i-Y-axis apha iqhuba i-plate exhasayo ihamba ngasemva naphambili, i-X axis iqhuba intloko ye-laser ukuba ihambe ngasekhohlo nasekunene.
Ngeli xesha, zonke iindawo ze-hardware zixhunyiwe. Ukuba akukho ngozi, inkqubo yokukrola i-laser inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Inyathelo 7. Ukukrola kunye nokulungisa iimpazamo
Ukukrola, kufuneka ulayishe kuphela ifayile yekhowudi ye-G kwisoftware yekhompyuter ephezulu (CNCjs) kwaye ucofe ukuqalisa. Zininzi iindlela zokwenza i-G-code, unokukhangela wedwa.
Emva koko kuza ixesha elonwabisayo, onokuthi ngalo uprinte ezinye zesicatshulwa osithandayo okanye imizobo emthini, iMDF, iplywood, i-acrylic, iplastiki, kunye nezinye izinto.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
1. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuhamba, kufuneka ucace ukuba amandla alo matshini wokukrola we-laser unokukrola kuphela i-acrylic, isikhumba, kunye neenkuni ezincinci ezingabonisi ukukhanya okubomvu okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okanye emnyama. I-stroke yi-37mmX37mm. Ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukufunda kunye nokuvavanya, kungekhona ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo.
2. Yithi into ebalulekileyo ngamaxesha ama-3: qiniseka ukuba ugqoke izibuko ngaphambi kokuba uvule amandla e-laser, kwaye ukhumbuze abantu abakujikelezile ukuba banikele ingqalelo kwingozi ye-laser engraving kunye nokusika.
3. Ukuba i-motor stepper ishushu kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips ukujikeleza i-potentiometer kumqhubi we-A4988 ukunciphisa ukusebenza ngoku.
Emva kokufunda lo mxholo ungasentla, ucinga ukuba kulula kakhulu ukwenza umkroli we-laser ngokwakho? Ukuba unomdla kuyo, khawuleza kwaye wenze enye.
