inkcazelo
Ukusika iLaser yindlela yokusika i-thermal esebenzisa i-high-power density laser beam ukuze i-irradiate i-irradiate yezinto eziza kunqunyulwa, ibangela ukuba izinto zifudumeze ngokukhawuleza kwaye zifike kwindawo yokutshisa, kwaye zinyibilike, ziqhume, zibe ngumphunga kwaye zibe ngumphunga ukwenza imingxuma. Njengoko i-boam ihamba ngaphaya kwezinto eziphathekayo, imingxuma ikhula ibe yi-slits encinci, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, izinto ezityhidiweyo zitshitshiswa yigesi ephezulu yoxinzelelo olusebenzayo ukugqiba ukusika okugudileyo nokucocekileyo.
Siseko
I-laser isebenzisa i-excitation ye-substance ukwenza umqadi. Lo mqadi unobushushu obuqinileyo. Xa uqhagamshelana nezinto eziphathekayo, unokunyibilika ngokukhawuleza phezu kwendawo yokwenza umgodi. Ngokutsho kokuhamba kwendawo yokubhalisa, ukusika kwenziwa. Xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yokusika yendabuko, indlela yokusika ine-gap encinci kwaye inokugcina ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo. Nangona kunjalo, uhlalutyo luchazwa ngokwesiphumo sokusika. Izinto eziphathekayo ezinqunywe ngokwe-laser zinesiphumo sokusika esanelisayo kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu. Oku kuzuzwe njengelifa Ukongeza kwiinzuzo ze-laser, kwakhona ayihambelani neendlela eziqhelekileyo zokusika.
iintlobo
Ukusika kweLaser kuza kwiindidi ezi-4: ukusika i-vaporization, ukusika ukunyibilika, ukusika i-oksijini, ukukrola kunye nokulawulwa kokuphuka.
1. Ukusika i-Laser vaporization
Ukusebenzisa i-laser ye-high-energy density beam ukufudumeza i-workpiece, iqondo lokushisa likhuphuka ngokukhawuleza, lifikelela kwindawo yokubilisa yezinto ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, kwaye izinto ziqala ukunyuka zibe ngumphunga. Isantya sokukhupha le miphunga sikhulu kakhulu, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo njengoko imiphunga ikhutshwa, ukusika kwenziwa kwizinto eziphathekayo. Ubushushu bomphunga bezinto ngokuqhelekileyo bukhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke i-laser vaporization kunye nokusika kufuna amandla amaninzi kunye noxinano lwamandla.
Ukusika kwe-vaporization kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ezicekethekileyo zetsimbi kunye nezinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi (ezifana nephepha, ilaphu, umthi, iplastiki kunye nerabha, njl. njl.).
2. Laser ukunyibilika ukusika
Kwi-melting cutting, i-metal material iyancibilika ngokufudumeza kwe-laser, kwaye emva koko i-gas non-oxidizing (Ar, He, N, njl.) ifafazwe nge-nozzle coaxial kunye ne-beam, kwaye isinyithi se-liquid sikhutshwe ngoxinzelelo olunamandla lwegesi ukwenza ukusika. I-Laser melting cutting ayifuni ukukhupha ngokupheleleyo isinyithi, kwaye amandla afunekayo yi-1/10 kuphela ye-vaporization cutting.
Ukusika ukunyibilika kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ezingenakuxutywa lula okanye isinyithi esisebenzayo, njengensimbi engenasici, i-titanium, i-aluminium kunye ne-alloys yazo.
3. Ukusika ioksijini yeLaser
Umgaqo wokusika i-laser oxygen ufana nokusika i-oxyacetylene. Isebenzisa i-laser beam njengomthombo wokushisa kwangaphambili kunye negesi esebenzayo njenge-oksijini njengegesi yokusika. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-gas evuthelweyo idibanisa nentsimbi yokusika ukuze ibangele ukusabela kwe-oxidation kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu obukhulu be-oxidation; kwelinye icala, i-oxide etyhidiweyo kunye nenyibilika zivuthelwa ngaphandle ukusuka kwindawo yokusabela ukuze zenze ukusikwa kwintsimbi. Ngenxa yokuba impendulo ye-oxidation kwinkqubo yokusika ivelisa ubushushu obuninzi, amandla afunekayo kwi-laser oxygen cutting kuphela 1/2 yokusika ukunyibilika, kunye nesantya sokusika sikhawuleza kakhulu kunomphunga wokusika kunye nokuncibilika. Ukusika i-laser oksijini kuninzi kusetyenziselwa izinto zetsimbi ezixutywe lula njengentsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ye-titanium kunye nentsimbi ephathwa ngubushushu.
4. I-Laser scribing kunye ne-fracture elawulwayo
I-Laser scribing isebenzisa i-laser yoxinano lwamandla aphezulu ukuskena umphezulu wezinto ezinqabileyo, ukuze izinto zifudunyezwe ukuba zibe ngumphunga umjelo omncinci, kwaye emva koko ufake uxinzelelo oluthile, izinto ezinqabileyo ziya kuqhekeka ecaleni kwegroove encinci. I-Lasers ye-scribing ngokubanzi i-Q-itshintshiwe kwaye CO2 I-lasers.
Ulawulo lokuqhekeka kukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa yi-laser grooving, eyenza uxinzelelo lwe-thermal lwendawo kwi-brittle material kunye nokwaphula izinto kunye ne-groove encinci.
Iimbonakalo
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokusika i-thermal, i-laser cutting features kunye nesantya sokusika ngokukhawuleza kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Ishwankathelwe ngokukodwa njengemiba ilandelayo.
1. Umgangatho olungileyo wokusika
Ngenxa yendawo encinci yokusika, ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, kunye nesantya sokusika ngokukhawuleza, inokufumana umgangatho ophezulu wokusika.
a. Ukusika ukusika kuncinci, amacala omabini e-slit ahambelana kunye ne-perpendicular kumphezulu, kwaye ukuchaneka komgangatho weendawo ezisikiweyo kunokufikelela ±0.05mm.
b. Umphezulu wokusika ucolile kwaye ucocekile, uburhabaxa bomhlaba bungamashumi ama-microns kuphela, ngaphandle kokulungiswa komatshini, kwaye iinxalenye zinokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo.
c. Emva kokusikwa kwe-laser, ububanzi bendawo echaphazelekayo yobushushu buncinci kakhulu, ukusebenza kwezinto ezikufutshane ne-slit phantse akuchaphazeleki, kwaye i-deformation ye-workpiece incinci, ukuchaneka kokusika kuphezulu, i-geometry ye-slit ilungile, kwaye i-cross-sectional shape ye-slit i-recircle ngakumbi.
2. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kokusika
Ngenxa yeempawu zokuhanjiswa, i-laser cutter ixhotyiswe ngokubanzi ngeetafile zokusebenzela ze-CNC, kwaye yonke inkqubo yokusika inokulawulwa ngokupheleleyo yi-CNC. Ngethuba lokusebenza, kufuneka kuphela ukutshintsha inkqubo yokulawula amanani, ingasetyenziselwa ukusika iinxalenye zeemilo ezahlukeneyo, zombini i-2-dimensional cutting kunye ne-3-dimensional cutting.
3. Isantya sokusika ngokukhawuleza
Ukusebenzisa i-laser enamandla e-1200W ukusika a 2mm ipleyiti ephantsi yekhabhoni yentsimbi, isantya sokusika sinokufikelela kwi-600cm / min; ukusika a 5mm ibhodi ye-polypropylene eshinyeneyo, isantya sokusika sinokufikelela kwi-1200cm / min. Izinto eziphathekayo azidingeki ukuba zinyanzeliswe kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha lokusika, elingenako ukugcina izixhobo zokusebenza, kodwa kunye nokugcina ixesha elincedisayo lokulayisha kunye nokukhulula.
4. Ukusikwa okungadibananga
Itotshi yokusika ayinakho unxibelelwano kunye nomsebenzi, kwaye akukho mpahla yokunxiba. Ukulungiswa kweengxenye zeemilo ezahlukeneyo, akukho mfuneko yokutshintsha "isixhobo", tshintsha nje iiparitha zemveliso ye-laser. Inkqubo yokusika inomsindo ophantsi, i-vibration encinci kwaye akukho ngcoliseko.
5. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto zokusika
Xa kuthelekiswa nokusika kwe-oxyacetylene kunye nokusika i-plasma, kukho ezininzi iintlobo zezixhobo zokusika i-laser, ezibandakanya isinyithi, i-non-metal, i-metal-based and non-metal-based composite materials, isikhumba, umthi kunye nefiber. Kodwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezahlukeneyo ze-thermo-physical kunye namazinga ahlukeneyo okufunxa kwii-lasers, babonisa ukuguquguquka okwahlukileyo kokusika kwe-laser.
izicelo
Uninzi lwabasiki be-laser lulawulwa ziinkqubo ze-CNC okanye zenziwe kwiirobhothi zokusika. Njengendlela yokucubungula echanekileyo, i-laser inokusika phantse zonke izinto, kubandakanywa ukusika kwe-2-dimensional okanye i-3-dimensional cut of the thin plate plates.
Kwintsimi yokwenziwa kweemoto, iteknoloji yokusika i-curves yendawo efana neefestile eziphezulu zemoto zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi. Inkampani yaseJamani iVolkswagen isebenzisa i-laser enamandla 500W ukusika amashiti omzimba amile kakuhle kunye namalungu ahlukeneyo agobileyo. Kwintsimi ye-aerospace, iteknoloji ye-laser isetyenziselwa ukusika izinto ezikhethekileyo ze-aviation, ezifana ne-titanium alloys, i-aluminium alloys, i-nickel alloys, i-chromium alloys, insimbi engenasici, i-beryllium oxide, izinto ezidibeneyo, iiplastiki, i-ceramics kunye ne-quartz. Iindawo ze-aerospace ezisikwe yi-laser ziquka ityhubhu ye-injini yomlilo, i-titanium alloy ebhityileyo enodonga, isakhelo senqwelomoya, i-titanium alloy skin, i-wing truss, iphaneli yamaphiko omsila, i-helicopter engundoqo, i-space shuttle i-ceramic insulation tile, njl.
Itekhnoloji yokusika i-Laser iphinda isetyenziswe kwintsimi yezinto ezingezona zetsimbi. Ayinako kuphela ukusika izixhobo ezinobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuqina, njenge-silicon nitride, iiseramics, i-quartz, njl.; kodwa unokusika kunye nokwenza izinto eziguquguqukayo, ezifana nelaphu, iphepha, iipleyiti zeplastiki, irabha, njl., ezifana nokusika iimpahla nge-laser, kunokonga impahla10% ~12%, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwamaxesha angaphezu kwe-3.
ekwizinga
1. Umatshini weLaser Cutter uya kuqhubeka ne-Epoch-Making Product Revolution.
Umthombo we-laser yinxalenye ephambili ye-cutter, kunye nesalathisi esibalulekileyo esimisela uhlobo kunye nokukwazi ukusika umsiki we-laser. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, utshintsho lwexesha elizayo kubasiki belaser luya kwenzeka kwimithombo yelaser. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukutshintshwa kwe CO2 umshini wokusika ngefiber laser cutter yeyona revolution ibalulekileyo yetekhnoloji kwiminyaka engama-40 okoko kwazalwa umsiki welaser, ozise iepoch-making izibonelelo zoqoqosho kubavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi abatsha nabadala kule ndawo. Ke, kwixesha elizayo, ngaba kuya kubakho umthombo wokukhanya omtsha onexabiso eliphantsi kuneelaser zefayibha, unokusebenza okungcono, imowudi egqwesileyo yomqadi, izinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optic okanye ixabiso eliphantsi lilonke? Impendulo ngokuqinisekileyo nguewe. Emva koko ubuze, luhlobo luni lwelaser? Kakade ke, akunakwenzeka ukunika impendulo echanileyo ngoku. Inzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe ngamanye amaxesha ziyadodobala, ngamanye amaxesha amawaka eemayile ngosuku.
2. ILaser yeFayibha yaMandla aPhezulu iya kuba nguMkhosi oPhambili kwiMarike yokusika iLaser.
Kule mihla, oomatshini bokusika i-fiber optical kuluhlu lwamandla olwahlukeneyo bangenise uphuhliso olukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, aphi amandla aqhelekileyo oomatshini bokusika i-laser kwixesha elizayo? Nangona oomatshini kuluhlu ngalunye lwamandla banosetyenziso lwabo, kodwa usapho lweelasesi ezaqala ngeelaser zefayibha zamandla aphezulu kwaye zabangela uguquko lweteknoloji yelaser yehlabathi, jonga amandla aphezulu, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kunye nomthamo omkhulu wokusika njengenye yezalathiso ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso lwefiber laser cutter. STYLECNC kutshanje yaphehlelela i-15KW isantya esiphezulu umshini wokusika umbane, oye wafumana impumelelo engazange ibonwe ngaphambili kwisantya sokusika kunye nobukhulu bokusika, okuye kwatsala ingqalelo yoshishino. Ngaba oku kuqulathe uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwabasiki belaser? Kufanelekile ukujonga phambili kwiingcali zeshishini, abaphengululi kunye nabahlobo abasebenzisi. Ukongeza, sinokuqiniseka ukuba kwixesha elizayo elingekude, abaninzi abavelisi be-laser cutter basekhaya nabangaphandle baya kungenisa ukhuphiswano oluqatha lwemarike. Kuphela ziinkampani ezinomgangatho wemveliso ogqwesileyo, ingqwalasela eqhubekayo kutyalo-mali lwe-R&D, kunye nobuchule bobuchule obuphambili bokhuphiswano obunokwenza oko kwaye bungoyiswa.
3. Ixesha loBukrelekrele liyeza.
Nokuba yi-Industry 4.0 eJamani okanye yimveliso ekrelekrele eTshayina, inguqu yesi-4 yezoshishino kwishishini lemveliso iyeza. Njengokuchaneka okuphezulu Umatshini wokusika we-CNC laser, i-laser cutter ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuhambelana namaxesha kwaye ibhabha ngeteknoloji. Uphuhliso lwe-laser cutter automation luphucule kakhulu umthamo wemveliso kunye nenqanaba lokuzenzekelayo kwiworkshop yentsimbi.
Kwixesha elizayo, ngokwesi siseko, ixesha lokwenziwa ngobukrelekrele be-laser cutters liyavuthwa kwimimandla yetekhnoloji yenethiwekhi, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano, itekhnoloji yesoftware yekhompyuter kunye nezinye iinkalo. Kubonwa kwangaphambili ukuba njengendlela yokuchaneka kwentsimbi yokuchaneka, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kusebenzisa amandla ayo onxibelelwano womnatha ukunxibelelana nomgca wokuqhafaza weshiti lomzi-mveliso, umatshini wokugoba, umatshini wokubethelwa kwe-CNC, iyunithi edibeneyo ye-welding (riveting), ukudubula ukudubula kunye nomgca wokugquma. Ezinye izixhobo, ezifakwe kwisicwangciso esidibeneyo sokuvelisa, inkqubo yokulawula umsebenzi kunye novavanyo, ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulawula iworkshop workshop. Ngenxa yoko, abavelisi be-laser baya kuguqula ngokuthe ngcembe kwiikontraka zokwenza i-sheet metal.
